|
The genital stage in psychoanalysis is the term used by Sigmund Freud to describe the final stage of human psychosexual development.〔Sigmund Freud, ''On Psychopathology'' (PFL 10) pp. 78–9〕 The individual develops a strong sexual interest in people outside of the family. ==In Freud and later thinkers== The notion of the genital stage was added to the ''Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality'' (1905), by Sigmund Freud in 1915. In order, these stages of psychosexual development are the oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage, and the genital stage. This stage begins around the time that puberty starts, and ends at death. According to Freud, this stage reappears along with the Oedipus complex. The genital stage coincides with the phallic stage, in that its main concern is the genitalia however—now consciously. The genital stage appears when the sexual and aggressive drives have returned. The source of sexual pleasure expands outside of the mother and father.〔(Colman, Andrew. (2008). A Dictionary of Psychology. )〕 If during the phallic stage the child was unconsciously attracted to the same-sex parent then homosexual relationships can occur during this stage.〔(Pastorino, Ellen. & Doyle-Portillo, Susann. (2013). What Is Psychology? Essentials )〕 During the genital stage the ego and superego have become more developed. This allows the individual to have more realistic way of thinking and establish an assortment of social relations apart from the family.〔(Louw, D. A. (1998). Human Development )〕 The genital stage is the latest stage and is considered the highest level of maturity.〔(The Development Stages of the Ego )〕 In this stage the adult becomes capable of the two signs of maturation, work and love. The stage is initiated at puberty, but may not be completed until well into the adult years.〔P. T. Brown, 'Sexual Development' in R. Gregory ed., ''The Oxford Companion to the Mind'' (1987) pp. 706–7〕 Otto Fenichel considered genital primacy was the precondition for overcoming ambivalence and for whole-object love.〔Otto Fenichel, ''The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis'' (1946) pp. 84 and 496〕 In 1960, Robert W. White extended Freud’s genital stage to not only include instinctual needs but effectance. His stage extension included one beginning to decide what role one will play in society and dating for social and sexual satisfaction.〔(Fromm, Donald. (2010). Systems of Psychotherapy )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「genital stage」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|